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The main problems should be overcame in current Hanwoo improvement system are improvement population size, the expense and length of time to select sire, etc. This study was conducted to find an optimum breeding scheme of Hanwoo(Korean cattle) by simulating 4 different breeding schemes considering the most genetic gains of major economic traits. The parameters used for the simulations were based on the current Hanwoo improvement system. Following 4 different breeding schemes were simulated; performance and progeny test by population size of 3,000 heads(current, Model 1), performance test only by population size of 3,000 heads(Model 2), performance and progeny test by population size of 100,000 heads in Hanwoo Improvement Base(HIB)(Model 3) and performance test only by population size of 100,000 heads in HIB(Model 4). The criteria of the optimum breeding scheme were based on the genetic gain for body weight at 18 mo.(BW18) as growth trait and marbling score(MS) as meat quality. Estimated annual genetic gains for BW18 and MS by Model 1∼4 were 3.39㎏and 0.032, 5.32㎏ and 0.075, 6.77㎏ and 0.058, 10.64㎏ and 0.092, respectively. Average economic efficiencies(BW18 and MS) for genetic gains of Model 2, 3 and 4 were 3.22, 1.75 and 3.08 times higher than Model 1, respectively. Thus, Model 4 which has a highest genetic gain and excellent economic efficiency was considered as the optimum breeding scheme for Hanwoo.
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